
Page 13
703 F.3d 296
(Cite as: 703 F.3d 296)
© 2013 Thomson Reuters. No Claim to Orig. US Gov. Works.
the burdens on the affected parties. See 12 Charles
Alan Wright & Arthur R. Miller, Federal Practice and
Procedure § 2983 (3d ed.2012); see also Santibanez,
105 F.3d at 241–42 (summarizing factors courts must
consider before appointing a receiver).
*306 [5] Even if a reasonable basis exists for be-
lieving there are benefits to the court and the parties to
imposing a receivership, and those reasons likely
existed here, resort to that remedy may be inappro-
priate. The cases on which the district court initially
relied in appointing a receiver establish that the court
has inherent power “to manage [its] own affairs so as
to achieve the orderly and expeditious disposition of
cases.” Woodson v. Surgitek, Inc., 57 F.3d 1406, 1417
(5th Cir.1995). These cases, however, refer to a court's
power to dismiss a case with prejudice and the district
court's authority to impose monetary sanctions. Id.;
FDIC v. Maxxam, Inc., 523 F.3d 566, 584 (5th
Cir.2008). In a later order disbursing attorney fees, the
district court also relied on precedents stating that a
receivership is an equitable remedy. Santibanez, 105
F.3d at 241. That is so, but for the reasons discussed
below, equity does not allow a receivership to be
imposed over property that was not the subject of the
underlying dispute.
[6][7] Receivers have been used in a number of
contexts. “Secured creditors, lienholders, and mort-
gagees” may seek appointment of a receiver because
they “clearly have an interest in the property in which
they have a security interest that may provide a basis
for convincing the court to appoint a receiver ending a
foreclosure suit or any other action to enforce one or
more outstanding liens.” Wright & Miller, supra, §
2983; see also Bookout v. First Nat'l Mortg. & Disc.
Co., 514 F.2d 757, 758 (5th Cir.1975). Additionally, a
receivership is a remedy for taking possession of a
judgment debtor's property. Santibanez, 105 F.3d at
241. A receivership also can be utilized when a
judgment creditor seeks “to set aside allegedly fraud-
ulent conveyances by the judgment debtor, or who has
had execution issued and returned unsatisfied ... or
who otherwise is attempting to have the debtor's
property preserved from dissipation until his claim can
be satisfied.” Id. (quoting Wright & Miller, supra, §
2983). Importantly, to justify the appointment of a
receiver such claims would already have been reduced
to judgment. That was not the case here, as the re-
ceivership was deemed imposed for unresolved
claims.
[8] The receiver and trustee pointed us to another
line of cases where a receivership was proper as an
adjunct to injunctive relief for a securities fraud. E.g.,
SEC v. Keller Corp., 323 F.2d 397, 402 (7th
Cir.1963). Receiverships also have been upheld in
derivative actions by stockholders against corpora-
tions to prevent the threatened diversion of assets
through fraud or mismanagement. E.g., Tanzer v.
Huffines, 408 F.2d 42, 43 (3d Cir.1969). Thus, in cases
of non-compliance with SEC regulations, a receiver
may be appointed to prevent the corporation from
dissipating corporate assets and to pay defrauded
investors. Id.; SEC v. Hardy, 803 F.2d 1034, 1035 (9th
Cir.1986). Nonetheless, in a derivative suit or a suit
for non-compliance with SEC regulations, the corpo-
rate assets are the underlying subject matter of the
dispute. Here, the only assets that were the subject
matter of the dispute were the domain names that were
to be transferred under the settlement agreement. They
were transferred.
Last, the receiver and trustee relied on cases
where courts appointed receivers to run institutions
where constitutional violations were occurring. Such
receiverships are generally ordered in the context of
ensuring a governmental entity's compliance with
court orders. See, e.g., Morgan v. McDonough, 540
F.2d 527 (1st Cir.1976) (upholding a receivership
imposed to insure a high school's compliance with
desegregation orders); Plata v. Schwarzenegger, 603
F.3d 1088 (9th Cir.2010) (upholding*307 a receiver-
ship to administer and improve prison health care).
This is not a case where a governmental organization
will not comply with the law. Plata, 603 F.3d at 1094.